Guide to Plagiarism, Research and Referencing

EVALUATING YOUR SOURCES

When conducting research, it is important to critically evaluate your sources to ensure they are accurate, up-to-date, and credible. Unreliable sources can lead to misinformation, poor decision-making, and even plagiarism.

Questions to Ask When Evaluating a Source

Before using a source, consider the following:

Are the authors qualified?

  • Do they have relevant education, experience, or credentials in the field?
  • Are they associated with a reputable organisation, university, or industry body?

Is the information current?

  • Medicine and animal care are constantly evolving.
  • Check publication dates – avoid outdated textbooks and research (anything over 10 years old may be unreliable).
  • For websites, check when they were last updated.

Is the information well-researched?

  • Are sources cited and referenced properly?
  • Does the content link to scientific studies, academic journals, or expert opinions?

Does the source show bias?

  • Is it educational or is it trying to sell a product, service, or opinion?
  • Does it present a balanced, well-researched perspective?

If a source seems questionable, outdated, or biased, ask for guidance or avoid using it altogether.

Common sources to avoid

Wikipedia

  • Why? Anyone can edit Wikipedia, making it unreliable as a primary source.
  • Can I use it at all? Wikipedia is useful for background research, but always verify information using credible sources (e.g., academic journals, textbooks).

Breeding Forums & Online Animal Groups

  • Why? These forums often contain opinions rather than scientific facts.
  • What should I do instead? If you find useful advice, cross-check it with a credible source (e.g., veterinary research, textbooks, or expert publications).

Social Media & Unverified Websites

(e.g., Facebook, Reddit, TikTok, Yahoo Answers, Quora, Answers.com)

  • Why? Anyone can post anything, and there is no way to verify credibility.
  • What should I do instead? Look for expert-led websites (e.g., government, university, or professional association sites).

Assignment & Essay-Writing Websites

(e.g., Essay Mania, All Free Essays, Studybay)

  • Why? These sites often contain plagiarised content and are not peer-reviewed.
  • What should I do instead? Always conduct your own research and reference credible sources.

Crowdsourced Information

(e.g., user-generated Q&A websites, crowd-funded research studies)

  • Why? These sources collect opinions from the general public, not qualified professionals.
  • What should I do instead? Only use verified research from experts.

Unqualified Individuals

  • Why? Someone without relevant experience or qualifications may unknowingly spread misinformation.
  • What should I do instead? Seek guidance from experts in the field.

    Example: If you have a question about surgical procedures, ask a veterinarian—not a pet owner or breeder.

Final Tips for Finding Reliable Information

Prioritise peer-reviewed sources (e.g., Google Scholar, scientific journals, government/educational websites).
Cross-check information – If multiple credible sources agree, it is likely reliable.
Use sources that cite evidence – Opinions without supporting data should be avoided.
Ask for guidance – If unsure, consult an educator, mentor, or industry professional.

By avoiding unreliable sources and using evidence-based research, you ensure that your knowledge and decisions are accurate, ethical, and professional.